The Trust Law

Chapter A: General Provisions

1. Definition of a Trust

A trust is a relationship to property under which a trustee is obligated to hold or act in relation to it for the benefit of a beneficiary or for another purpose.

Civil Code

A trust is a relationship to property under which a trustee is obligated to hold or act in relation to it for the benefit of a beneficiary or another purpose.

2. Creation of a Trust

A trust may be created by law, by agreement with the trustee, or by establishing a deed of trust.

Civil Code

A trust may be created by law, by agreement with the trustee, or by a deed of trust.

3. Trust Assets

(a) The fruits and substitutes of trust assets are also deemed trust assets.

(b) 1. Trust assets are immune from attachment except for debts imposed on them or arising from the operations of the trust.

2. In a charitable trust for the purpose of giving, the rights of the trustor’s creditors are limited, and those of the beneficiary’s creditors apply only if the trustor explicitly agreed.

(c) The trustee must keep the trust assets separate from other property or in a manner that allows them to be distinguished. In charitable trusts, segregation is always required.

Civil Code

(a) The fruits and substitutes of trust assets are also deemed trust assets.

(b) Trust assets are immune from attachment except for debts imposed on them or arising from the operations of the trust.

(c) The trustee must hold the trust assets separate from other property or in a manner that allows them to be distinguished.

4. Registration of a Notice

If trust assets include property subject to statutory registration, the trustee may notify the registrar responsible for maintaining the relevant register.

Civil Code

If trust assets include property subject to statutory registration, the trustee may notify the registrar, who shall record a suitable notation in the register.

5. Legal Standing of a Trust Toward Third Parties

A trust is binding on any third party who knew or should have known of its existence. Once a notice is registered under Section 4, the trust binds all third parties.

Civil Code

A trust is binding on any third party who knew or should have known of its existence. Once a notice is registered under Section 4, the trust binds all third parties.

6. Trust Funds 

a. 1. Trust funds not required for ongoing operations must be preserved or invested prudently to maintain the principal and generate returns.

2. Trust funds required for ongoing operations may be invested, provided their availability is ensured as needed.

(b) The Minister of Justice may issue regulations regarding the approved methods of investing trust funds. Trustees who comply with these regulations are not held liable for investment losses.

Civil Code

Trust funds not required for ongoing operations must be preserved or invested prudently to maintain the principal and generate returns. The Minister of Justice may issue regulations regarding the approved methods of investing trust funds, and trustees who comply with these regulations are not held liable for investment losses.

7. Accounting and Reporting

(a) In a charitable trust, the trustee is required to maintain records of all matters relating to the trust.

(b) In all trusts:

1. The trustee must provide annual reports and, in exceptional cases, additional reports to those entitled to enforce the trust.
2. The trustee must provide access to any documents they hold upon reasonable request.

Civil Code

(a) A trustee is required to maintain records of all matters relating to the trust.

(b) A trustee must provide beneficiaries with annual reports and a final report at the end of their term. The trustee must also provide additional information upon reasonable request.

8. Compensation and Expenses

(a) In non-charitable trusts, a trustee is entitled to compensation unless circumstances indicate that they waived this right.

(b) In charitable trusts, trustees are not entitled to compensation unless their duties were part of their professional work. However, the court may grant compensation if it deems this necessary for the benefit of the trust.

(c) Trustees who do not receive compensation are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable expenses and commitments made in good faith, unless circumstances suggest they waived this right.

(d) A trustee may deduct their compensation and expenses from trust assets and may retain such funds as collateral for claims arising under this section.

(e) The Minister of Justice, with the approval of the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset, may issue regulations governing compensation, reimbursement, and expenses payable to trustees of public trusts, including limitations on such payments.

Civil Code

(a) Trustees are not entitled to compensation unless their duties were part of their professional work. However, the court may grant compensation if this is necessitated by the scope of their duties.

(b) Trustees are entitled to reimbursement for reasonable expenses and commitments made in good faith.

(c) A trustee may deduct their compensation and expenses from trust assets and may retain such funds as collateral for claims arising under this section.

(d) The Minister of Justice, with the approval of the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset, may issue regulations governing compensation, reimbursement, and expenses payable to trustees of public trusts, including limitations on such payments.

9. Multiple Trustees

(a) When a trust has more than one trustee:

1. The trustees shall act jointly. If there is disagreement, decisions shall be made by majority vote.
2. In a charitable trust, trustees must act in accordance with the instructions of the court.
3. In urgent matters, any trustee may act independently.
4. Trustees are jointly and severally liable for their actions.
5. If one trustee resigns, ceases to act, or is otherwise unable to fulfill their duties:
   i. In a non-charitable trust, the remaining trustees may continue to act.
   ii. In a charitable trust, the remaining trustees’ powers are suspended until a replacement is appointed under Section 21 unless local custom allows otherwise.

(b) Actions taken by one trustee in violation of subsection (a)(1) are void.

Civil Code

(a) When a trust has more than one trustee:

1. The trustees shall act jointly. If disagreements arise, they shall act as directed by the court.
2. In urgent matters, any trustee may act independently.
3. Trustees are jointly and severally liable for their actions unless a trustee opposed the action or was unaware of it.
4. If a trustee resigns, becomes incapacitated, or is declared bankrupt, the remaining trustees shall immediately seek to appoint a replacement under Section 21 and continue to fulfill their duties insofar as delay is not possible.

(b) Actions by one trustee conducted in exchange for consideration with a bona fide third party shall remain valid, even if they conflict with subsection (a)(1).

10. Duties and Powers of the Trustee

(a) A trustee must preserve, manage, and develop the trust assets and act to achieve the trust’s purposes. The trustee is authorized to perform any necessary actions to fulfill their duties.

(b) In trusts intended to advance the purposes of the trustor, the trustee shall act according to their agreement with the trustor.

(c) In performing their duties, the trustee must act in good faith and with diligence, as is customary under similar circumstances.

(d) A trustee managing multiple trusts may not engage in actions that involve inter-trust transfers, except for those not involving ownership changes.

(e) A trustee may not delegate their duties to another person; however, they may employ assistance as necessary to achieve the trust’s purposes.

Civil Code

(a) A trustee must preserve, manage, and develop the trust assets and act to achieve the trust’s purposes. The trustee is authorized to perform any necessary actions to fulfill their duties.

(b) In performing their duties, the trustee must act in good faith and with diligence, as a reasonable person would act under similar circumstances.

(c) A trustee managing multiple trusts may not engage in actions that involve inter-trust transfers.

(d) A trustee may not delegate their duties to another person; however, they may employ assistance as necessary to achieve the trust’s purposes.

11. Adherence to Trust Terms

Provisions in Sections 5 and 13 of non-charitable trusts apply subject to the terms of the trust.

Civil Code

Provisions in Sections 3(a), (c), 6, 7, 8, 9(a), 10(a), (c), (d), and (13) apply subject to the terms of the trust.

12. Liability

(a) A trustee is liable for damage caused to the trust assets due to a breach of their duties. The liability for loss or damage to the trust assets in non-charitable trusts is governed by the Guardianship Law.

(b) A trustee may seek instructions from the court and is not liable if they acted in good faith in accordance with the court's instructions or approval.

Civil Code

(a) A trustee is liable for damages caused to the trust assets or beneficiaries due to a breach of their duties. The liability for the loss or damage of trust assets held by the trustee is governed by the Guardianship Law, 1967. For this purpose, the trustee is considered a guardian, and the beneficiaries are considered owners of the assets.

(b) The court may absolve the trustee of some or all liability if the trustee acted in good faith and intended to fulfill their duties.

(c) A trustee may seek instructions from the court and is not liable if they acted in good faith according to the court’s instructions or approval.

13. Prohibition of Personal Gain

(a) A trustee may not purchase trust assets for themselves or a relative, benefit personally from trust assets or actions, or act in a manner that creates a conflict of interest between the trust and their personal interest or that of a relative

(b) A "relative" includes anyone prohibited by law from serving as a judge or witness for the trustee.

(c) In charitable trusts or trusts for public purposes, the court may preauthorize actions listed in subsection (a) if deemed beneficial to the trust.

(d) Subsection (a) does not affect the rights of the trustee or their relatives as beneficiaries.

(e) Actions performed in violation of this section without court approval are not void.

Civil Code

(a) A trustee may not purchase trust assets for themselves or a relative, personally benefit from trust assets or actions, or act in a manner creating a conflict of interest between the trust and their personal interest or that of a relative.

(b) A "relative" for this section includes:

1. Spouses;
2. Parents, grandparents, descendants, siblings, or their spouses;
3. Partners of the trustee or the aforementioned relatives;
4. Entities where the trustee or relatives hold more than 5% ownership or control.

(c) The court may preauthorize actions listed in subsection (a) if deemed beneficial to the trust.

(d) Subsection (a) does not affect the rights of the trustee or their relatives as beneficiaries.

(e) Actions performed in violation of this section without court approval are void unless executed in good faith with consideration involving third parties not listed in subsection (b).

14. Invalidation of Actions

(a) An action performed in violation of the trustee’s duty and known or reasonably expected to be known by the third party, or performed without consideration, is void. Mere knowledge of the trust does not constitute knowledge of a breach of trust.

(b) If an action is invalidated under subsection (a) and the third party knew of the breach, they bear absolute liability for the trust’s assets. If the third party was unaware, their liability will be equivalent to that of a paid guardian.

Civil Code

An action performed in violation of the trustee’s duty and known or reasonably expected to be known by the third party, or performed without consideration, may be invalidated by the court. The third party will bear the same responsibilities and obligations as a trustee. Mere knowledge of the trust does not constitute knowledge of a breach of trust.

15. Proceeds of Unauthorized Actions

(a) Profits unlawfully gained by the trustee through the trust are considered part of the trust assets unless such profits resulted in no detriment to the trust.

(b) The court may order the trustee to relinquish profits even in cases outlined in subsection (a) if it finds the trustee's enrichment unjustifiable.

Civil Code

Profits unlawfully gained by the trustee through the trust are considered part of the trust assets.

16. Assets of a Canceled Trust

If a trust is canceled and the trust terms do not specify how its assets should be managed:

1. For a trust whose objectives have been fulfilled:

a. In a trust established for the benefit of a specific beneficiary, any remaining assets shall be transferred to that beneficiary.

b. In a trust established for a specific purpose, any remaining assets shall be used for purposes similar to those originally specified.

2. For a trust whose objectives have not been fulfilled:

a. If none of the trust's objectives have been fulfilled, its assets shall be returned to the trustor.

b. If only some of the trust's objectives have not been fulfilled, the assets allocated for those unfulfilled objectives shall be transferred to the beneficiaries designated for that purpose.

Civil Law

If a trust is canceled, the court may determine the disposition of its assets and direct their allocation to purposes such as education, culture, religion, science, art, welfare, health, or sports, all in accordance with the terms of the trust and the presumed intent of its trustor.

Chapter B: Trusts Based on a Declaration of Endowment

17. Establishment and Commencement of an Endowment

(a) The establishment of assets for purposes of charity, religion, or public interests (hereinafter: "endowment") is created through a declaration by the property owner that they are creating an endowment. This declaration must specify the endowment’s purposes, assets, and terms.

(b) Upon transferring control of the endowment’s assets to the trustee, a document detailing the assets must be prepared. One copy shall be kept in the court’s file, and another shall be given to each of the trustees.

(c) The commencement of an endowment occurs upon forming a contractual relationship with the trustee.

(d) If assets are found to be serving as an endowment but there is no evidence of intent to establish such an endowment, the court may declare the existence of the endowment and define its purposes, assets, terms, and commencement.

Civil Law

(a) The establishment of assets for the benefit of a beneficiary or another purpose (hereinafter: "endowment") requires a written document (hereinafter: "declaration of endowment") in which the creator expresses their intent to create the endowment and specifies its purposes, assets, and terms. The document must be one of the following:

1. A document signed by the creator of the endowment before a notary.
2. A will of the creator of the endowment, excluding an oral will.
3. A payment directive as specified in Section 147 of the Succession Law, 1965.

(b) The commencement of an endowment occurs upon the transfer of control over the endowment's assets to the trustee.

(c) If assets are found to be serving as an endowment without a written declaration of endowment, the court may declare the existence of the endowment and define its purposes, assets, terms, and commencement.

18. Amendment and Revocation of an Endowment

(a) The creator of the endowment and a third party may add assets to the endowment at any time.

(b) After an endowment is established, the creator may not amend its terms, reduce its assets, or revoke it, unless they have reserved the right to do so in the declaration of endowment, the beneficiaries have consented, or the court has approved the action.

(c) The provisions of this section do not affect the creator’s right to withdraw from the establishment of the endowment prior to its commencement, the laws governing the revocation of a will, or the revocation or amendment of a directive under Section 147 of the Succession Law, 1965.

Civil Law

(a) The creator of the endowment and a third party may add assets to the endowment at any time.

(b) After the endowment’s commencement, the creator may not amend its terms, reduce its assets, or revoke it, unless they have reserved the right to do so in the declaration of endowment, the beneficiaries have consented, or the court has approved the action.

(c) The provisions of this section do not affect the creator’s right to withdraw from the establishment of the endowment prior to its commencement, the laws governing the revocation of a will, or the revocation or amendment of a directive under Section 147 of the Succession Law, 1965.

19. Instructions for Trustees

(a) The creator of the endowment may issue instructions to the trustee concerning the fulfillment of their duties and any other matters necessary for the efficient management of the endowment. Upon the creator’s death, this authority passes to their heirs.

(b) If the creator or their heirs are unable or unwilling to provide instructions to the trustee, this authority shall pass to the court.

(c) For endowments established by the public or its representatives, the exclusive authority to issue instructions to the trustee shall lie with the court.

(d) The court may issue instructions to the trustees to advance the endowment’s objectives, even if this deviates from the declaration of endowment. The court may also permit the trustee to use the endowment's assets to meet the essential needs of specific beneficiaries or their dependents, subject to the endowment's nature and the rights of other beneficiaries.

Civil Law

(a) The court may issue instructions to the trustee at any time regarding the fulfillment of their duties or any other matters necessary for the efficient management of the endowment.

(b) The court may, even contrary to the declaration of endowment, permit the trustee to use the endowment’s assets to meet the essential needs of a beneficiary or their dependents.

20. Rights of Beneficiaries

A beneficiary’s rights under a declaration of endowment are not transferable, assignable, or subject to seizure or lien.

Civil Law

A beneficiary’s rights under an endowment are not transferable, assignable, or subject to seizure or lien unless explicitly permitted by the declaration of endowment or authorized by the court for specific purposes such as the payment of alimony, taxes owed by the beneficiary, or—under special circumstances—other debts owed by the beneficiary.

21. Appointment of Trustees

(a) A trustee for an endowment shall be appointed by the creator of the endowment or pursuant to their instructions or by their heirs.

(b) If a trustee is not appointed under subsection (a), and the creator of the endowment refrains from doing so, the court shall appoint a trustee.

(c) No individual may be appointed as a trustee without their consent.

(d) The creator of the endowment may appoint any person of their choosing as trustee.

(e) The court shall not appoint as a trustee any individual or entity whose ability to effectively carry out the responsibilities of the endowment is doubtful or who cannot assume liability for potential losses.

Civil Law

(a) A trustee for an endowment shall be appointed within the declaration of endowment or pursuant to its provisions.

(b) If no such appointment is made, or if a trustee is unable to fulfill their duties or has ceased to act, the court may appoint a trustee for a specified term and under conditions it deems appropriate.

(c) No person shall be appointed as a trustee without their consent.

(d) A minor, a person declared legally incapacitated, a bankrupt individual, or a corporation under liquidation cannot serve as a trustee.

(e) A beneficiary of an endowment is disqualified from serving as its trustee unless explicitly permitted by the declaration of endowment.

22. Termination of a Trustee's Tenure

(a) The tenure of a trustee for an endowment shall terminate in accordance with the terms of the endowment.

(b) Once a trustee begins fulfilling their duties, they may only resign in circumstances justifying such resignation. In such cases, the trustee must notify the party authorized to appoint a trustee.

(c) The creator of the endowment may dismiss a trustee appointed by them at any time.

(d) The court may dismiss a trustee it appointed prior to their commencement of duties. Once the trustee begins fulfilling their duties, the court may only dismiss them for failure to perform their duties satisfactorily or for other justified reasons.

(e) The court may dismiss a trustee appointed by the creator of the endowment if the creator is unable to exercise their authority, and it is reasonable to assume that they would have dismissed the trustee if able to do so.

Civil Law

(a) A trustee of an endowment may resign by written notice to the party authorized to appoint a trustee for that endowment, and, where there are multiple trustees, to the other trustees.

(b) If the trustee was appointed by the court or was the sole trustee, their resignation shall not take effect unless approved by the court, effective on the date set in the approval.

(c) The court may dismiss a trustee if they fail to fulfill their duties properly or if the court finds another justified reason for dismissal.

23. Amendments and Revocation by the Court

(a) The court may amend or revoke provisions within the declaration of endowment if it deems such action necessary to achieve the endowment’s objectives.

(b) The court may amend or revoke provisions within the declaration of endowment to protect the interests of the creator or if it aligns with the presumed intent of the creator.

(c) The court may cancel an endowment if it determines that its objectives have been achieved or are unattainable.

Civil Law

(a) The court may amend or revoke provisions within the declaration of endowment, either based on reasons presented by the creator or if it finds that substantial changes in circumstances justify such action, provided it aligns with the presumed intent of the creator.

(b) The court may cancel an endowment if it determines that its objectives have been achieved or are unattainable.

24. Preservation Measures

Canceled

Civil Law

If an endowment lacks a trustee, or the trustee has ceased to act or is unable to fulfill their duties, the public trustee may take any necessary measures to preserve the endowment’s assets and the rights of the beneficiaries until a trustee is appointed under Section 21.

Chapter C: Public Endowments

25. Appointment of an Endowments Inspector

(1) The President of the Rabbinical High Court shall appoint an Inspector of Endowments.

(2) The inspector shall examine the management of endowments by their trustees and may bring matters before the court as a plaintiff whenever deemed necessary.

(3) This provision does not limit any individual’s legal standing concerning endowments under applicable law.

(4) The court may order the endowment to pay the inspector’s fees, subject to the court’s discretion.

Civil Law

The Minister of Justice shall appoint a state employee qualified to serve as a magistrate judge to act as the Registrar of Endowments (hereinafter: "the Registrar"). Notice of the appointment shall be published in the official Gazette.

26. Registration

(a) A trustee of an endowment whose purpose or one of its purposes is to promote a public interest (hereinafter: “public endowment”) must, within three months of assuming their role, notify the Inspector of the existence of the public endowment and provide the following details unless such notice has already been given. They must also notify the Inspector of any changes in these details within three months of the change. A copy of the declaration of endowment must be included with the notice.

(b) The details required include:

(1) The name and address of the endowment’s creator;

 (2) The start date of the endowment;

 (3) The endowment’s objectives;

 (4) The assets of the endowment;

 (5) The name and address of each trustee;

 (6) Any additional information as determined by the Minister of Justice.

(c) The Inspector shall maintain a registry of public endowments containing the above details. The registry shall be open for public inspection. The Inspector shall publish notices of registered endowments in the official Gazette.

Civil Law

(a) A trustee of an endowment whose purpose or one of its purposes is to promote a public interest (hereinafter: “public endowment”) must, within three months of assuming their role, notify the Registrar of the existence of the public endowment and provide the following details unless such notice has already been given. They must also notify the Registrar of any changes in these details within three months of the change. A copy of the declaration of endowment must be included with the notice.

(b) The details required include:

(1) The name and address of the endowment’s creator;

 (2) The start date of the endowment;

 (3) The endowment’s objectives;

 (4) The assets of the endowment;

 (5) The name and address of each trustee;

 (6) Any additional information as determined by the Minister of Justice.

(c) The Registrar shall maintain a registry of public endowments containing the above details. The registry shall be open for public inspection. The Registrar shall publish notices of registered endowments in the official Gazette.

27. Investment Obligations

The Minister of Justice may prescribe, in regulations under Section 6, mandatory methods of investment for trustees of public endowments.

Civil Law

The Minister of Justice may prescribe, in regulations under Section 6, mandatory methods of investment for trustees of public endowments.

28. Trustee as Beneficiary

Canceled.

Civil Law

The prohibition in Section 21(e) does not apply to trustees of public endowments.

29. Reporting and Information Requirements

Canceled.

Civil Law

(a) A trustee of a public endowment must submit an annual report to the Registrar on the endowment’s affairs at the time and in the manner determined by the Minister of Justice. The report shall include details specified by the Minister, either generally or for specific types of public endowments.

(b) The trustee must provide the Registrar, upon request, with information and copies of documents related to the endowment’s affairs.

(c) Section 7(b) does not apply to public endowments.

30. Investigations

Canceled.

Civil Law

(a) If there is reasonable cause to suspect that a public endowment has not complied with the provisions of this law or its declaration of endowment, or that the details or documents submitted to the Registrar are incomplete or incorrect, the Registrar may, on their own initiative or at the request of the Attorney General, investigate the matter. For this purpose, the Registrar has the powers granted under Sections 9 to 11 and 27(b) of the Commissions of Inquiry Law, 1968.

(b) To conduct such an investigation, the Registrar may appoint an investigator, who will have the powers specified under subsection (a), subject to the conditions of their appointment. The investigator must submit a report to the Registrar.

(c) If an investigator is appointed under subsection (b), the Registrar may charge the costs of the investigation, in whole or in part, to the public endowment, its trustees, or a person who requested the investigation. The Registrar may also require the person requesting the investigation to provide security for its costs.

31. Penalties

Canceled.

Civil Law

A trustee of a public endowment who violates the obligations under Sections 26 or 27 is subject to imprisonment for one year or a fine of 50,000 lira. If the violation was committed with intent to defraud, the penalty is increased to imprisonment for two years.

Chapter D: Companies for Public Benefit

Chapter E: Miscellaneous Public Trustee

36. Canceled.

Civil Law

(a) The Minister of Justice shall appoint a Public Trustee. Notice of the appointment shall be published in the official Gazette.

(b) The Public Trustee may act as the trustee for endowments. Where the court appoints a trustee, it may appoint the Public Trustee as the sole trustee, even for an endowment that, under its terms, requires multiple trustees.

37. Jurisdiction

The court with jurisdiction under this law—except for proceedings under Section 31—is the District Court.

Civil Law

The court with jurisdiction under this law—except for proceedings under Section 31—is the District Court.

38. Appeals

Decisions of the court under Sections 8(a), 9(a)(1), 13(c), 20, 21, and 22 are not subject to appeal except with leave of court in accordance with Section 19(b) of the Courts Law, 1957.

Civil Law

Decisions of the court under Sections 8(a), 9(a)(1), 13(c), 20, 21, and 22 are not subject to appeal except with leave of court in accordance with Section 19(b) of the Courts Law, 1957.

39. Right to Petition the Court

Any trustee, beneficiary, creator of the trust, or any other interested party may petition the court on any matter under this law. The Attorney General or their representative may also initiate proceedings under this law, including appeals, and may intervene in any proceeding relating to trusts or other matters deemed to be of public interest.

Civil Law

Any trustee, beneficiary, creator of the trust, or any other interested party may petition the court on any matter under this law. The Attorney General or their representative may also initiate proceedings under this law, including appeals, and may intervene in any proceeding relating to trusts or other matters deemed to be of public interest.

40. Representation of Beneficiaries

If a beneficiary, due to their age, health, or physical or mental impairment, is unable to assert their rights, the court shall appoint a representative for them to interact with the trustee.

Civil Law

40. If a beneficiary, due to their age, health, or physical or mental impairment, is unable to assert their rights, the Public Trustee may represent them in dealings with the trustee.

41. Non-Applicability

Canceled

Civil Law

(a) For religious endowments established before a religious court under religious law, the religious court may rule that the provisions of this law relating to the creation and internal management of endowments do not apply.

(b) The Minister of Justice, with the approval of the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset, may exempt, in whole or in part, any endowment created by or involving the participation of the World Zionist Organization or the Jewish Agency for Israel, including the Jewish National Fund and Keren Hayesod, from the provisions of this law.

42. Limitation of Applicability

The provisions of this law apply unless other specific legal provisions exist concerning the matter at hand.

Civil Law

The provisions of this law apply unless other specific legal provisions exist concerning the matter at hand.

43. Implementation and Regulations

(a) The Minister of Justice is responsible for implementing this law and may issue regulations for its enforcement.

(b) The Minister of Justice, with the approval of the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset, may set the amounts for registration fees, annual fees, and other charges related to services and actions performed by the Registrar under this law. They may also establish exemptions or varying amounts for different types of public endowments, based on criteria they determine.

Civil Law

(a) The Minister of Justice is responsible for implementing this law and may issue regulations for its enforcement.

(b) The Minister of Justice, with the approval of the Constitution, Law, and Justice Committee of the Knesset, may set the amounts for registration fees, annual fees, and other charges related to services and actions performed by the Registrar under this law. They may also establish exemptions or varying amounts for different types of public endowments, based on criteria they determine.

44. Transitional Provisions

Canceled.

Civil Law

(a) Endowments existing before the commencement of this law under the Charitable Trusts Ordinance will be regarded as public endowments, and the provisions of this law will apply to them from the date of its enactment. Trustees of such endowments who were incorporated under Section 36 of that ordinance will continue as corporations under its terms.

(b) Anyone serving as an Inspector of Endowments before this law came into effect will be deemed to have been appointed as Registrar under this law, and existing registries of endowments and companies for public benefit will be considered to be maintained under this law.

45. Repeals

Canceled.

Civil Law

The following are repealed:
(1) The Charitable Trusts Ordinance;
(2) The Charitable Matters (Public Trustee) Ordinance.

46. Commencement

This law shall come into effect immediately

Civil Law

This law shall take effect six months from its publication in the official Gazette, except for Section 35, which shall take effect on February 3, 1981.